Sunday, May 24, 2020

Nutrition and Its Effects on Criminality - 1887 Words

The criminal justice system in the United States focuses its efforts on issues such as over- crowding in prisons, police brutality, hot spots, and the like. Although these are all very important, the most important could be considered; where the issue of criminality could be coming from. The focus here is the link between nutrition and criminality. The importance of good nutrition will be reviewed as well as the criminality linked to poor nutrition. Research has found the importance of a good balanced diet makes a big difference in the way that a person’s brain functions. Lack of education on nutrition in low socioeconomic areas can be to blame in this aspect, as well as a lack of funds available to the families in these regions. This research will explore the importance of good nutrition, the link between it and criminality as well as supporting research in this area. Introduction In the United States, good nutrition has taken a back seat to convenient, low-cost, prepackaged, and processed foods. We all have had our fill of macaroni and cheese as children, but how did that â€Å"cheap and easy† meal shape our general outcome as adults? What did that box of cheesy goodness really contain? Our society has gone into an epidemic when dinner is considered, a good meal as it comes out of a paper sack. Eating this way changes the way we eat, think, react, and live. This is displayed in a change in the physiology of our brain. Our intake of food affects the brain chemistry andShow MoreRelatedTelevision Advertisements Impact On Customer s Buying Behavior For The Health Drinks1744 Words   |  7 Pagesdrinks with US$1.1 billion in 2015 retail sales, with room for additional growth. In addition to health-oriented marketing initiatives, growth of malt-based hot drinks in India has been aided by a young population, growing knowledge of health and nutrition, and an increase in income. Primary objective behind conducting this research is to find out at what extent television advertisements impact on customer’s buying behavior for the ‘health drinks making milk richer of children’s’ in the area of vadodaraRead MoreBiological Explanations Of Forensic Psychology1283 Words   |  6 Pagesof intervention. Firstly, the long term effects of being under malnourished in regards to criminal behaviour will be discussed and then an intervention will be analysed in regards to supplementation of vitamins to prisoners. This essay will then go on to discuss how effective malnutrition interventions are in general and suggest improvements. This will lead on to an explanation of the consequences of under malnourished pregnant women and the negative effect this could have on their unborn child inRead MorePresident Kennedy s Impact On Poverty1648 Words   |  7 Pagescomes to intended outcomes and reduction of adverse effects of child poverty one such measure that has seen success is child nutrition as seen in the success of the Women and Infant and Children (WIC) program. Made permanent in 1974, after a 1972 pilot program, operated by local agencies the program is fully funded and the average number of participants has increased over time (Bitler, M P ( 1 ) Karoly, 2015). The result is improved nutrition for all recipients with improved adherence to immunizationsRead MoreCriminality: Criminology and Extra Y Chromosome3476 Words   |  14 PagesCriminality has been sociologically defined as a form of deviant behavior from the norm and the acceptable rules of society. A more generic definition of criminality is a behavioral predisposition that disproportionately favors criminal activity. It is based on the premise that the act or acts committed by an individual violates the natural rights that are given to the person by birth and or by right. The statement â€Å"Are criminals born, or made?† is wide rea ching and still the subject of many debatesRead MoreThe Theories Believe Biological Or Genetic Risk Factors1554 Words   |  7 Pagesoffending stating that aggressive offending is more heritable than the latter. Peskin et al. (2012), as cited in Moffit (2005), stated, â€Å"in contrast, nonaggressive offending appears to be more influenced by shared environmental factors, such as family criminality, family poverty, and poor parenting, although genetic influences have also been found to affect some of these factors (pg. 3).† Peskin et al. (2012) reviewed studies on neuroimaging, neuropsychology, psychophysiology, hormones and neurotransmittersRead MoreCriminal Theories2768 Words   |  12 PagesUnit 12: Crime its effects on Society Task 3 P3 – Describe two theories of criminal behaviour and the factors that contribute to them Why does crime happen? For P3, learners should describe two theories of criminal behaviour from the following: 1. Biological Genetic Determinism Biological Determinism 2. Sociological Functionalism Marxism Labeling theory The Chicago School Sociological Determination 3. Psychological Psychoanalytical theory Social Learning theory You also need to explain howRead MoreThe Current Canadian Health Care System Essay1103 Words   |  5 Pagesdeterminants of health. Although each determinant of health may individually have effects on health, all are interrelated to create a web of elements that form the principles of our physical and mental health (Potter and Perry, 2014 p. 10). Two such determinants of health are social environment, and healthy child development. These two create a cyclical relationship so, if negative, they can have destructive effects on the general health of an individual and those in acquaintance or familiar withRead MoreEarly Life Development Of Children Essay1592 Words   |  7 Pages(2016), healthy early childhood development includes social, emotional, physical and intellectual growth. World Health Organization further adds that these domains of development are very significant in influencing the well-being, mental health, criminality and economic contribution of a person throughout life. Various factors affect the early life of a child including the environment, the financial stability of the family, and the relationship between parents. This essay will focus on these aspectsRead MoreTerrie Moffitt s Dual Pathway Theory Essay1771 Words   |  8 Pageshighlight some motivated criminal characteristics. Examples of some instances where criminal characteristics and victim characteristics overlap might notably be drug usage and hanging out at places like bars or late-night parties; an instance where criminality and victimization diminishes is in â€Å"educational attainment†. In general, studies have shown that adolescence is a risk factor for both offending and victimization, particularly violent victimization (Walsh Hemmens, p. 103). Cohen and Felson’sRead MoreNature Nurture Debate1499 Words   |  6 Pageswhereas a belief that a person’s life can be influenced by the choices they make is known as the ‘free will’ viewpoint. The most commonly held belief, however, is that it is a combination of both inherited characteristics and outside influences that effect an individual’s development. Nature theory – heredity Every cell in our bodies has a nucleus containing 23 pairs of chromosomes, one of each pair coming from our father and the other from our mother. The resultant genetic pattern, however, can be

Thursday, May 14, 2020

The Reflection Of Ivy As A Writer - 1001 Words

Reflection of Ivy as a Writer As a writer, I develop more every time I step foot into the classroom. Over the years of learning how to write, I was not always confident. In fact, as of this current year of 2015 I am the most confident as a writer than I have ever been. This year I began college, where I am taking English 1101 with Professor Ricky Weaver. I have learned many different writing strategies in this class, ways to brainstorm, grammar rules, tips to avoid writers block, and so much more. Although I will continue to develop, I am proud of myself for reaching contentment in my writing ability. When I entered English 1101, I was such an amateur writer. I had become so accustomed to high school writing assignments, which are nowhere near as complex as college writing assignments. There was never any large standards for any writing task. â€Å"Write a paper and discuss how you feel about global warming, 2 pages long†, This is just an example of how simple a writing prompt in high school would be, no real direction. English 1101introduced me to more complicated instructions such as including a specific format, cited sources, using different research methods, and even extended lengths of essays. Before English 1101 I was not able to formulate thorough ideas for my papers. I did a good job at over-thinking and stressing myself out while attempting to write. Organizing papers, however, has always come easily to me. Regularly, I have been able to organize a paper accordinglyShow MoreRelatedEssay about Laurie Halse Andersons Speak 1277 Words   |  6 PagesBeast. She was to o scared and didn’t know what to do so she called the cops. Because of this, now everyone in school is disgusted and hateful of her. Though most of the students didn’t like her, she did become sort of â€Å"distant† friends with Heather, Ivy, and her science lab partner, David Petrakis. With all the drama, sadness, and conflict involved in Melinda’s life, she still seems to manage and finish the school year without being blown up into smithereens. In this book, Anderson incorporates theRead More The Need for Reform in Collegiate Sports Essay1669 Words   |  7 PagesThey do not receive an education or wage commensurate with their contribution to economic returns. They are making millions for universities while receiving nothing. Louis Barbash, a writer and producer, feels that the NCAA has failed athletes terribly. They have two options: to professionalize sports or to meet the Ivy League ideal (equal standards and expectations for athletes and nonathlet es). If they choose to professionalize college sports, then each team acts as a minor league. The average salaryRead MoreExperiment of HeLa Cells in Patients1934 Words   |  8 PagesJoe killed a neighbor hood punk named Ivy would he had a few run ins with in the past. Deborah told Joe to turn himself in but Day and Joes brothers gave him money to return to Clover. But in Lacks Town, Joe picked fights and drank heavily. Day got him and tried to settle him in D.C. But Joe called saying he wanted to turn himself in. He pleaded guilty wanting only a speedy trial. He explained that alcohol made him do it, that he only wanted to hurt Ivy so Ivy couldnt hurt him. A witness there atRead MoreThe Writing Style of the Last Leaf3443 Words   |  14 Pagesbest reflects his unique writing style. It is a story about living. It tells an impressive story among three poor and unsuccessful artists. It is a story about living. Old Behrman uses his life to save Johnsy’s life by drawing the las t leaf of the ivy in a rain stormy night. During the first ten years after O’Henry’s death, there rose a surge about O’Henry study in America, and his prestige reached the peak. He is called â€Å"the new father of America literature†. Now O’Henry still attracts scholarsRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1939 Words   |  8 PagesFitzgerald was an inspired individual and had the remarkable ability to write in such a way that his written works are everlasting echoes of his own life. F. Scott Fitzgerald was a literary genius and his work; The Great Gatsby was not only a reflection of his own life, but an outlet for the ever-changing society of the 1920s. The Great Gatsby was influenced by the standards of this time period. The 1920s were an age of excess, characterized by opulence and false satisfaction. American society reachedRead MoreEssay on Anna Julia Cooper2476 Words   |  10 PagesActivism Anna Julia Cooper was a lecturer and organizer. She spoke at the 1893 Worlds Congress of Representative Women as well as the 1900 Pan-African Congress Conference in London.13 The first person style that can be seen in Coopers writing is a reflection of her familiarity with the spoken word as a form of political and scholarly communication.14 Coopers communication skills must have served her well in her role as a social organizer. In 1905, she helped found the Colored Womens YWCA.15 ThisRead MoreFitzgerald Explores the Jefferson ´s Ideal of ‘The Pursuit of Happiness’ in The Great Gatsby2090 Words   |  9 Pagescontext of the novel and the nature of different characters’ pursuits of happiness. Gatsby’s residence defines him as a member of the nouveaux riches as its description makes his property seem tastelessly new, as suggested by the ‘thin beard of raw ivy’ that unattractively exposes efforts to appear aged, and characterless as a ‘factual imitation of some Hà ´tel-de-Ville in Normandy’ implies it is a plain copy with no creativity expended for its creation. The interior of Gatsby’s home is also revelatoryRead MoreEssay on Creativity3954 Words   |  16 Pagesintense instant of imagination, when the mind, Shelley says, is a fading coal that which I was i s that which I am and that which in possibility I may come to be. So in the future, the sister of the past, I may see myself as I sit here now but by reflection from that which then I shall be (Joyce 186-7). Joyces ability to produce creative analogies shines through in this passage; though Stephens physical characteristic of the mole on his chest remains the same, he declares that his body has beenRead MoreTerminating An Employer Employee Relationship3644 Words   |  15 Pagesfor â€Å"reasonable cause.† Employment at-will’s origin in the United States have been hotly debated by legal scholars and there is still not a consensus as to where employment at-will doctrine actually developed. Traditionalists suggest that treatise writer Horace Wood simply created the rule in 1877 and the courts adopted â€Å"Wood’s Rule† to facilitate development during the Industrial Revolution. Some scholars argue that, with the exception of a brief period in early colonial times, employment-at-willRead MoreHistory, Politics, And Sociology Of Education3391 Words   |  14 PagesQuestion 3: Synthesize developments since 1960 in three of the areas we have studied so far (polit ics, history, sociology, anthropology, or philosophy). Conclude your response with a brief reflection on the driving forces behind the major trends / developments you identified. The purpose of this paper is to synthesize the various developments in the field of education in the United States since 1960 through three different perspectives: History, Politics, and sociology. These three

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

How Technology Has Revolutionized Education - 1076 Words

Technology and education can be a powerful combination/Technology has revolutionized education for the better. However, rather than completely embracing the modern trend of learning, many institutions have instigated limitations on the use of technology in an academic setting. It can potentially do students a disservice if used inappropriately. Conversely, class-oriented electronic devices including overhead projectors, computers, laptops, and assistive equipment for special education can be very beneficial to the student body if used suitably. The opportunities for student - teacher communication and student achievement, as well as its flexibility and adaptability to differentiated learning are all but a few of the considerations that a school should take into account before using class-oriented technologies in curriculum and instruction. One of the first things that schools should consider before using class-oriented technologies in curriculum and instruction is the opportunity for student and teacher communication. Technology is considered one of the main reasons that hinder collaboration in an academic setting. It is correct that it can cause unhealthy peer interaction; however, if harnessed correctly, technology can prove to be a useful communication tool that successfully procreates the physical sense. â€Å"Digital tools†¦let[s] them communicate easily with others – their peers, their friends and the world at large. And thus, it turns out, can make them even moreShow MoreRelatedHow Technology Has Revolutionized The Realm Of Education1535 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Technology has revolutionized the realm of education through increasing the number of sources and methods of research (Cottrell, 2013). The accessibility of online-based research platforms has created an avenue for students to have ultimate desire to learn and eventually become qualified scholars. Research and more especially educational research open the heart and minds of students to greater inventions; hence, creating a better and accomplished society. Accessibility of informationRead MoreThe Educational Evolution Of Education Essay1006 Words   |  5 Pagestools to shape up the future. Education over the years has gone a notch higher and eminent in our present world. The educational evolution dating from 50 years back in time up till now, has impacted the strength we possess as a nation, a continent and the world at large. Backtracking the evolution to 50 years ago dates back to the 1960’s. Education at that period in time was tough and seen as the luxury of the rich. There were struggles among people to get education, experiences and skills; for someRead MoreEmbracing Smart Classrooms : A Wave Of Excitement And Interest Essay1266 Words   |  6 Pageswas created and revolutionized the way students learn and teachers teach. In 1951, videotapes hit the television screens in schools. This allowed the students to learn in a different, more entertaining way (Petrina). All of these inventions are electronics that completely changed education during its time. In today’s classrooms, we do not use the radio as much. However, even after 60 years people are still using overhead projectors and videos to teach. The overhead projector has been reinventedRead MoreTechnology Changing the Workforce835 Words   |  4 PagesTechnology and social change go hand-in-hand with the advancement of the workforce society within the last decade. Thanks to new technological breakthroughs emerging on a regular basis, the way we view employment has changed drastically compared to those of years before us. Dating back to the 1400s, Johan Gutenberg revolutionized the world as we know it today by developing the printing press. Today, we take such things for granted but it is writing that makes it possible to spread knowledge,Read MoreTechnology Is Transforming Us Economy1717 Words   |  7 PagesTechnology is Transforming the U.S economy A Review of the Literature Over the past decades, technology, social and economic changes have revolutionized the structure of the American community. Every day the technology is changing, new inventions and new knowledge are developing. The transformation that is happening is changing the life of many families in the United States. These changes are for a better future. However, the cost is that many institutions and business are being left behind. PeopleRead MoreEssay on Technology Changing the Workforce818 Words   |  4 Pages Technology and social change go hand-in-hand with the advancement of the workforce society within the last decade. Thanks to new technological breakthroughs emerging on a regular basis, the way we view employment has changed drastically compared to those of years before us. Dating back to the 1400’s, Johan Gutenberg revolutionized the world as we know it today by developing the printing press. Today, we take such things for granted but it is writing that makes it possible t o spread knowledge, communicationRead MoreThe Impact Of Technology On Society s Society1573 Words   |  7 PagesThe Impact Of Technology On Society Technology has always played an important part of our history, whether it impacts the medical field, astrological instruments, microscopic technology, and these innovations have all played an important role in changing the scientific views of society. These inventions were very important in the direction society took as a whole and should be recognized as such. However there were inventions that had more of an impact on the general society as others, and changedRead MoreTechnology In Education825 Words   |  4 Pages Technology has revolutionized the human experience by changing the way one learns. Technology can best be defined as a tool that supports and promotes human learning. This can be seen through the usage of calculators, tablets (example: iPad), Smart Boards, video cameras, and, of course, the computer. These are all innovations that can have a profound impact on classroom learning. Although there are some schools that have a strict policy that technology should be remov ed from the modern day classroomRead MoreHistorical Events Of The Peoples Republic Of China962 Words   |  4 PagesPeople’s Republic of China formerly known as China is located in the East Asia. China is the largest nation in Asia and the second largest country in the world based on land area and covers 9.6 million square kilometers. China has approximately one billion and four hundred million people making it the most populous country in the world. The World Bank categorizes the People’s Republic of China as a low middle-income country. China is a multi-ethnic country with different customs and traditions whichRead MoreHow Technology Has Revolutionized The Era Of The World Essay1331 Words   |  6 Pagescentury America many people rely on cell phones and computers more than ever. Companies such as Apple and Google have been on top of the technology industry for years. As we approach a new era of technology we see no limit of what can be accomplished. But these adva ncements also brings consequences. One might ask, how was it possible that technology has revolutionized the era we live, not only that but the question of our intelligence is brought up frequently and if we have forgotten old traditions such

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Pervasion of Bullying through Digital Medium

Question: Discuss about thePervasion of Bullying through Digital Medium. Answer: Introdution Jamey Rodemeyer was a 14-year-old boy from New York who was taunted for being gay. He was teased for being different than the other boys. He was victimized and aggressively treated online (Boyd, and Marwick, 2011). He was taunted from many of his peers. He decided to end his life after he felt that no one listened to his pleas. Jamey was different he repeatedly reaches out and seek help. This is not the case at all times. Teenagers start to define themselves based on their peer approval and assume they have the tools to control the situation. They do not seek the help of the adults esp. the parents. The teenagers start to feel that they are powerless in these kind of situation and try to handle the issues by themselves (Hinduja and Patchin, 2010.). In these cases, they do not make the right choices. Megan Meier was 13 years old when she decided to take her own life by hanging herself in the bedroom closet. Megan was suffering from attention deficit disorder and depression with regards to her weight. She befriended a person called Josh Evans in an online portal (Maag, 2007). After a few weeks Josh started to become cruel towards Megan. He started saying the world would be a better place without you. Other students also posted disturbing messages to Megan. She decided to take her life in October 2006 before her 14th Birthday. These cases are not isolated incidents. Not all bullying victims choose to end their life. But they have the emotional marks of being abused throughout their life (Beran, and Li, 2008.). These cases of Jamey and Megan are symbolization of the larger issues. The roots of the bullying represent the larger factions of the society. Many teenagers are victimized for being different from their peer groups. According to the statistical figures and data documentation 25% of the teenager report that they have experienced some form of bullying in their digital tools such as phone or the internet. 52% of the young people state that they have been the victim of bullying online. 11% of the adolescent teens report that they have embarrassing or damaging pictures of themselves online. These pictures are mostly taken without the consent or the knowledge of the party. Many of these victims still do not speak about their issues. This leads to the daunting task of identifying the impact these bullies cause on the victims to prevent any unwarranted actions. The reasons for the young people to consider ending their life is a really sad situation. They need to have a better handle over the situation They feel powerless and assume that they have no control over their life. In this case there should be laws protecting the victims and preventing the bullies from victimizing. In the current times the people are using internet more than ever. There has been an ubiquitous use of technology in the recent times. The people like having constant access and mediums to voice their opinion. The internet is not a simple or a convenient way to have fun. It has become a large part of the social life. The email and the chatting with friends are a common phenomenal. To address the issues of cyber bullying the issue of bullying need to be addressed. Bullying has always existed in the schools and colleges. It has been a critical issue for the schools and colleges over decades. The bullys use violent behavior that is physically abusive or taunt the victims with words (Campbell, 2005). The so called reasons for the bully is to gain peer approval. They consider themselves superior by being a bully to others. By demonizing and teasing another person they start to form bonds with the members of their own group. This form of teasing allows the bully to gain friendships. This is the main reason for the bullies to taunt their victims over the period. The advent of the social mediums and internet has led to easier documentation of bullying (Gradinger, Strohmeier, and Spiel, 2009). In the past times there were no real evidence to state that a person was being victimized. When the victims comment to the adults they often consider it a small issue or a non-issue. Some of the parents assume that this would lead to the kids being strengthened as stronger adults. More often than not the adults tend to dismiss a conflict that hurts the sentiments of the teenagers (Willard, 2006). The drama has been considered as a frivolous. The instigators think that this act of bullying is harmless fun but they have dire consequences. Intervention for teenagers should be directed towards making them empowered. From analysis of many news stories and cases from across the world it is can be seen that cyber bullying has emerged as a major problem. The issue with cyber bullying is that it is discarded as a teenagers melodrama. It was considered as a drama that encompasses the issues of minor teenagers problem, makeup, gossip and breakups (Garaigordobil, and Martnez-Valderrey, 2015). This bullying is considered to be nothing but a drama of the teenager. It is dismissed by the adults. Rather it is a protective mechanism for the adults or the law to deal with this issues. They discard the hurt sentiments of the teenagers and this leads them to feel powerlessness. This issue of bullying has increased manifold owing to the development of technology. It is now easier to harass someone over the Internet. This has grown in the case of cyber bullying. There is a lot of mind games that is involved in bullying. It makes the other person feel like a pariah. These verbal assaults and posting of negative issues also causes the same harm as school yard bullying. The people from many portals use their voice to tease a person. These bullying cases are sadly not limited towards the younger population. The adults are also experiencing these forms of derogatory comments. They are made to address these comments and the people form judgements. The advent of social media has caused the people to voice their opinions and at the same time use these opinions to create division in the society. The legislation and the laws should protect the people from being victimized. There should be some mandates by the government to ensure that the people are protected from these vicious attacks. There should be stronger laws and stringent actions that should be taken by the government in these cases. The government should provide the tools for the teenagers to protect themselves. The government can develop more hotlines or online mediums to report the attacks anonymously. They should protect the victims in the society. These teenagers are actually victims to the larger issues that is pervading the society. The only way to address bullying is by protecting the victims by stringent laws and educating the younger generation to empower themselves. They should be encouraged to voice against the bullies and they should be protected. To achieve this paradigm, the teachers, parents, student councilors and the government should develop integrated efforts to empower and educate the young popula tion from being victimized. Cyberbullying is a complicated issue. The adults esp. the caregivers and the parents need to educate themselves with the recent developments in technology (Kowalski et al., 2012). They need to find ways to address these issues. They should work with the children and talk to them to explain the ways in which they can protect themselves from being victimized. The adults need to understand the issues of cyberbullying and the law needs to catch up with the issues of bullying. Words have a physical and emotional impact. Bullying causes deep emotional disturbances for the people (Bazelon, 2013.). The goal of the parents and the law should be directed towards intervention at the moment of the children being victimized. The focus should be directed towards the teenagers cultural frame and empathy. The interventions should be a practice followed by the teachers and the law to develop confidence in the teenagers. They should not consider themselves to the oppressed or the oppressor. They should rather focus on the expanding their horizons and developing confidence. To conclude, cyberbullying is an issue that needs to be addressed and all the members of the society should work towards to helping one another. The rising technology also has given rise to its own set of challenges. They should be addressed tactfully. This should be addressed to create a safer environment for all people. Reference: Bazelon, E., 2013. Defining bullying down.New York Times,12. Belsey, B., 2005. Cyberbullying: An emerging threat to the always on generation.Recuperado el,5. Beran, T. and Li, Q., 2008. The relationship between cyberbullying and school bullying.The Journal of Student Wellbeing,1(2), pp.16-33. Boyd, D. and Marwick, A., 2011. Bullying as true drama.The New York Times,22. Campbell, M.A., 2005. Cyber Bullying: An Old Problem in a New Guise?.Australian journal of Guidance and Counselling,15(01), pp.68-76. Garaigordobil, M. and Martnez-Valderrey, V., 2015. Effects of Cyberprogram 2.0 on" face-to-face" bullying, cyberbullying, and empathy.Psicothema,27(1), pp.45-51. Gradinger, P., Strohmeier, D. and Spiel, C., 2009. Traditional bullying and cyberbullying: Identification of risk groups for adjustment problems.Zeitschrift fr Psychologie/Journal of Psychology,217(4), pp.205-213. Hinduja, S. and Patchin, J.W., 2010. Bullying, cyberbullying, and suicide.Archives of suicide research,14(3), pp.206-221. Kowalski, R.M., Limber, S.P., Limber, S. and Agatston, P.W., 2012.Cyberbullying: Bullying in the digital age. John Wiley Sons. Maag, C., 2007. When the bullies turned faceless.The New York Times,16. Slonje, R. and Smith, P.K., 2008. Cyberbullying: Another main type of bullying?.Scandinavian journal of psychology,49(2), pp.147-154. Willard, N., 2006. Cyberbullying and cyberthreats.Eugene, OR: Center for Safe and Responsible Internet Use.